Internal-combustion engine



W. E. ELLIS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE I May 25, 1926.

Filed August 11,- 1924 2 Sheets-Sheei 1 5 UC- VII '01 WEEZZL:

I l I May 25 1926.

W. E. ELLIS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed August 11; 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 WEFZZv's za a0 I 1 I'll! I 1 7 /4 n. a a w a 6 5 Z %3 7 N WW W M W a Patented May 25, 1926;

UNITED STATES WARREN E. ELLIS, F GRIDLEY, KANSAS.

INTERNAIi-COMIBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed August 11, 1924. Serial No. 731,393.

This invention relates to an internal combustion engine, and particularly to a construction comprisinga firing cylinder and a cooperating compression cylinder for feeding a charge of fuel to the former for driving its piston in opposite directions.

In this class of engine it has previously been necessary to provide an ex ensive and complicated construction invo ving separately operating pistons and crank shaft connections for actuating the same. My invention simplifies such a construction and provides for the greater and more constant application of power, thus avoiding violent vibration in the operation of the engine and assuring a quiet running thereof.

The invention has for an object to provide a novel and improved construction of engine having firing and compression cylinders in feeding relation to each other with pistons located therein and connected for unitary movement so that the discharge from the compression cylinder is introduced into the ignition chamber at each end of the firing cylinder.

A further object of the invention is to provide a new construction comprising a firing cylinder having ignition means at each end and exhaust ports intermediate thereof and a compression cylinder having inlet and discharge ports at each end with feed connections therefrom to the ends of the firing cylinder, together with pistons in said cylinders connected for joint operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel construction of firing and coinpression cylinders having slotted adjacent side walls in connection with reciprocating pistons mounted in said cylinders and connected by a common wrist pin extending through the slots in the cylinder walls and disposed in driving relation to a crank shaft.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will be hereinafter set forth and the novel features thereof defined by the appended claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of the invention;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section thereof;

Figure 3 is a detail section on the line .I3-'3 of Figure 2; and

I Figure/1 is a. similar .view on theline 4-4 of Figure 2..

' Likereference numerals rcfertu like parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

The engine maybe constructed of any desired dimensions or configuration and the number of cylinders used multiplied as found most desirable for the power to be generated. In the form shown the numeral designates the firing cylinder and 11 the compression 0 linder, these being formed of two parts of su stantially similar construction and provided with flanges 12 at their abutting ends by which the cylinder members are clamped in position. The adjacent side walls of each of the cylinders 10 and 11 are provided with slot ways 13 and 14 which permit the free reciprocation of the wrist pin 15 which is secured to the piston heads 16 for the firing cylinder and similar heads 17 for'the compression cylinder. From this wrist pin a connecting rod 18 extends to the crank 19 carried by the shaft 20 and suitably counterbalanced by the weight 21. This shaft is disposed in bearings 22 carried by the crank case 23 in any desired manner, the lower portion of this case constituting an oil receptacle 24.

The firing cylinder 10 is provided at opposite ends with ignition means such as spark plugs 25 and also with intake valve 26 for the fuel supply. The walls of the cylinder are also formed with exhaust ports 27 which,

are connected to a .manifold 28 extending through a heating chamber 29 communicating with the fuel feed pipe 30 for the compression cylinder 11 intakes. This pipe communicates with a suitable carbureter 31 Figure 1 and as shown in Figure 4 passes through the chamber 29.

The compression cylinder is provided with intake valves 32 communicating with the fuel feed 30 and disposed at the opposite ends thereof. Adjacent the ends of the cylinder a discharge connection 33 is disposed and extends to the intake valve 26 for the firing cylinder. These parts are substantially duplicated at the opposite ends of the cylinders.

The cylinders are preferably provided with water jackets 34 which communicate with the pipes 35 from the radiator 36 and connect at the upper ends of the cylinders.

The lowerportions of the cylinders are connected to a feed pipe 1.37 in communication with the base ofthe radiator. .The crank driving connections. :for' auxiliary parts .of

shaft 20 maybe provided with the usual duits 45 lead to the various parts to be lu bricated such as the firing cylinder at 46 and the compression cylinder at 47, see Figure 1. A drip feed is also provided at 48 for lubricating the connecting rod bearing upon the wrist pin by means of the open cup 49 thereon. This wrist pin is also formed with suitable collars 50 thereon to prevent lateral play and insure an accurate alignment of the pistons in their operation.

A suitable distributor 52 may be connected to the generator and driven by a shaft 53 and gearing 54: from the crank shaft.

The general operation of the engine Wlll be apparent from the foregoing description from which it will be seen that the firing cylinder is provided with ignition means at opposite ends to positively drive the piston therein for its alternate reciprocations. The movement of this piston carries with it the connected piston for the compression cylinder so that simultaneously with the travel of the firing piston a feed of compressed fuel is introduced into the opposite end of the firing cylinder ready for ignition as soon as the piston reaches that end of its stroke. At the termination of the firing stroke the piston uncovers the exhaust port, thus relieving the cylinder of burnt gases and permitting it to further compress the fuel charge introduced therein during its movement toward the end of the cylinder.

The structure thus presents an assemblage of firing and compression cylinders having pistons connected by a common wrist pin and connector rod with the crank shaft so as to operate as a single power unit, thus enerating the maximum power b direct ring of the char e for opposite dlrections of travel. It furt er secures a constant application of the power as in efi'ect it provides the advantages of a four cycle construction in a two cycle engine. A convenient construction for this purpose is the provision of the slotted walls for the cylinders which are completely enclosed and protected by the elongated pistons therein and such character of pistons effectually prevent the knocking or side slap which ordinarily occurs when a piston of short length is used. The pistons herein presented com rise in efiect two piston heads each provi ed with the usual rings and thus provide not only a closure for the wrist pin opening but also opposite firing and compression heads for the respective cylinders. The construction also provides for automatic lubrication of.

discharge ports at each end,

the several parts and for the operation of such auxiliary devices as the generator, fan, and ignition control.

While the specific construction and arran ement of parts has been shown and descri ed, the invention is not confined thereto as it is obvious that chan es and alt/erations may be made without e arting from the spirit of the invention as efined by the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new is 1. In an internal combustion engine, a firing cylinder having i ition means at each end and exhaust ports intermediate thereof, a compression cylinder having inlet and eed connections from said discharge ports to the opposite ends of the firing cylinder, and pistons in said cylinders connected for joint operation.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a firing cylinder having ignition means and intake ports at each end and exhaust ports intermediate thereof, a. separated compression cylinder having inlet and discharge ports at each end, feed connections from said discharge ports to the intake ports at the opposite ends of the firing cylinder, pistons in said cylinders, and -a wrist pin common to both of said pistons and havmg a crank shaft connection extending intermediate of said cylinders.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a firing cylinder having ignition means and intake ports at each end and an exhaust port intermediate thereof, a separated compression cylinder connected at opposite ends with the intake ports of the firing c linder, the adjacent side walls of said cylin ers being provided with elongated slots, pistons in said cylinders, and a wrist pin extending through said slots and connected to each of said pistons.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a firing cylinder provided with ignition means at opposite ends, a parallel compression cylinder provided with intakes at opposite ends and discharge connections communicating at the ignition ends of thefiring cylinder, pistons in said cylinders adapted to reciprocate in opposite directions from a central position therein, and a connection from said pistons to a crank shaft.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a

firing cylinder provided with ignition means at opposite ends, a parallel compression cylinder provided with intakes at opposite ends and discharge connections communicating at the ignition ends of the firing cylinder,

ally mounted upon said wrist pin and ex tending to a crank shaft, and lubricating means disposed to cooperate with an open cup carried by said connecting rod.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a firing cylinder provided at opposite ends with intake ports and exhaust ports intermediate thereof, a cooperating compression cylinder connected to said intake ports, pistons within said cylinders connected for unitary movement, a conduit extending from said 10 exhaust ports, and a fuel feed to the compression cylinder having a passage surrounding said exhaust connection.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

WARREN E. ELLIS. 

